Mu gihe amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga ibikinisho akomeje gutera imbere mu mwaka wa 2025, ibigo by’ubucuruzi byo mu Bushinwa byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bihura n’imbogamizi zikomeye ndetse n’amahirwe yo gutandukanya isoko binyuze mu kunoza ingamba zo kubahiriza amategeko. Amategeko mashya aturuka ku masoko mpuzamahanga akomeye hamwe n’uburyo bushya bwo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu birimo guhindura imiterere y’inganda, bisaba ko abakora ibikoresho n’abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bahindura ingamba.
Uburyo bwagutse bwo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga
Kuva ku ya 1 Kanama 2025, Ubuyobozi Bukuru bw'Imisoro mu Bushinwa bwashyize mu bikorwa "Itangazo rya 2025 No. 150," ryagutse cyane
urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga rushobora gusuzumwa neza. Mu giheibikinisho by'abanabyari bisanzwe biri mu igenzura ry’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu 2024, iri tegeko rishya ryongeraho ibyiciro bitatu by’ingenzi:ibikoresho by'amatara, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ingufu nke, n'imyenda ikora.
Igenzura rivuguruye rishimangira kugenzura uburinganire hagati y’ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga n’amakuru yatangajwe, hamwe no kunoza igenzura ry’amakuru ari mu bubiko. Iri hinduka kuva ku "gusuzuma rimwe na rimwe" kugeza ku "gusuzuma neza" bivuze ko itandukaniro ritashobora gutinza gusa ibyoherezwa ahubwo rinagira ingaruka ku manota y’inguzanyo z’ibigo mu gihe kizaza - ingaruka zishobora kuba zikomeye kuruta ibihano by’amafaranga.
Amavugurura y'ingenzi mpuzamahanga
Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi: EN 71-13:2021+A2:2024
Komite y’Uburayi ishinzwe Ubuziranenge (CEN) yasohoye amakuru mashya kuriEN 71-13:2021+A2:2024yerekeye "imikino yo ku meza ihumura, ibikoresho byo kwisiga, n'imikino ishimishije". Kuva ku ya 31 Gicurasi 2025, iri hame ryavuguruwe ritangira:
- Ibisabwa bivuguruye ku bikoresho bikingira abana, kongera gushyiraho uburyo bwo gupima ifunga kuva kuri EN 71-13:2014 Umugereka C nk'Umugereka mushya E
- Ibisabwa ntarengwa ku binyabutabire bishobora gushyamu mikino yo ku kibaho ihumura.
- Inzitizi zikomeye ku mpumuro zitera allergien'ibisabwa byongereweho ibirango.
Iri hame rireba by’umwihariko ibikinisho bigamije gufasha abana kumenya impumuro zitandukanye, gukora amavuta yo kwisiga nk'amasabune n'amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa gutegura ibiryo hakoreshejwe ibikoresho biribwa.
Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika: Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya ASTM F963-23
ItsindaIgipimo ngenderwaho cya ASTM F963-23yasimbuye ASTM F963-17 nk'igipimo ngenderwaho cy'umutekano w'ibikinisho ku isoko rya Amerika, hamwe n'amavugurura y'ingenzi arimo:
- Umutekano wongerewe w'igice cya bateri: Ibikoresho byo gufunga bigomba kuguma bifatanye n'inzugi za bateri mu gihe cyo gupima ikoreshwa nabi ry'ibicuruzwa, kandi ibikoresho byihariye byo gufungura ibice bya bateri bigomba kubikwa kure y'abana.
- Ibisabwa ku rwego rw'amajwi byavuguruwe: Ibikinisho bya Push/Pull ubu bifite umupaka w'amajwi uri hejuru (94dB aho kuba 85dB) ku majwi akorwa n'ibikorwa by'umukoresha.
- Isuzumabumenyi ry'abana bakuru: Ibikinisho byagenewe abana barengeje imyaka 8 ubu bigomba gupimwa ihohoterwa hakoreshejwe indwara zagenewe abana bari hagati y'imyaka 3-8
- Ubushobozi bwagutse bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora kwagukaIbisabwa bishya bikubiyemo ibikinisho birimo ibikoresho bishobora kwaguka nyuma yo guhura n'ibintu binyobwa cyangwa bishobora kugabanuka mu gihe cyo kubibika no kongera kwaguka.
Imbogamizi zo kubahiriza amategeko ku buryo bwihariye
Uburyo bwo gucuruza kuri interineti bwambukiranya imipaka bwashyizeho izindi nzego zo kugenzura. Kuva muri Nzeri 2025,Sisitemu yo kugenzura imbonankubone ya Amazon ya TIC (Isosiyete y'Ubugenzuzi bw'Abantu Batatu)isaba abacuruzi gukoresha urubuga rwemejwe n'urubuga mu kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko, aho kwishingikiriza kuri raporo bishyiriyeho ubwabo.
Iyi mpinduka yateje imbogamizi ku bagurisha nka Bwana Zhang, wavumbuye ko nubwo hari raporo za laboratwari zemejwe na CNAS, ibicuruzwa bye byagombaga kongera gupimwa binyuze mu bigo byemewe na TIC. Iyi gahunda yagaragaye ko yabuze.ibizamini by'imikorere y'imashinikandi nta mananiza ahagije ku bijyanye n'umutekano ku bipfunyika.
Ingamba zo kubahiriza amategeko ku bigo byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga
Igenzura ry’imikorere n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibipimo ngenderwaho
Abashoramari bohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga batsinze bashyizeho amatsinda y’abashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko kugira ngo bakurikirane iterambere ry’amategeko ku masoko y’ingenzi. Kwitabira inama z’inganda buri gihe no gukorana n’ibigo bipima mbere y’igihe nkaIntertek, SGS, na CTLfasha amasosiyete kwitega impinduka aho kugira icyo abikoraho.
Uburyo bwo kunoza inyandiko no kugenzura
Ibigo birimo gushyira mu bikorwa sisitemu ikomeye yo kwandika inyandiko zikurikirana:
- Gushakisha ibikoreshon'ibyemezo by'uko umutanga serivisi yubahiriza amategeko
- Inyandiko z'umusaruro w'ibicuruzwahamwe n'amakuru yuzuye y'ibizamini
- Isuzuma ry'ibipaki n'ibirangoku bisabwa ku isoko
- Igenzura ry'umuntu wa gatatubinyuze mu bigo byemewe bya TIC kugira ngo bikurikize amategeko ya platform
Impinduka mu miterere y'ibipimo ngenderwaho mu bijyanye no kubahiriza amategeko ya tekiniki
Guhindura imiterere y'ibicuruzwa byabaye ngombwa kugira ngo habeho ibisabwa bishya byihariye:
- Ibice bya bateri bikomejwehamwe n'uburyo bwo gufatanya neza
- Kugabanuka kw'urusaku rw'amajwiaho bikwiye, cyane cyane ku bikinisho byo gusunika/gukurura
- Ibikoresho bikingira abanaku bikoresho by'ibikinisho bishingiye ku miti
- Imiburo yongerewe ku mutekanon'amabwiriza yo gukoresha ajyanye n'imyaka
Gukorera mu mucyo no kugenzura uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa
Abakora ibintu bigamije iterambere ry’igihe kiri imbere barimo gushyira mu bikorwasisitemu zo gucunga ububiko bw'ibikoresho mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhangabihuza amakuru aboneka mu buryo bwihuse hagati y’ibikoresho bikorerwamo n’ububiko bwo mu mahanga. Sisitemu nka platform ya KEYFIL yo gucunga ububiko bwo mu mahanga zifasha kubika neza inyandiko z’uburyo ububiko n’imenyekanisha ry’umutungo bihagaze, ibyo bikaba ari ingenzi mu kugenzura gasutamo.
Guhitamo abafatanyabikorwa mu buryo bw'ingamba
Amasosiyete agenda arushaho guhitamo abafatanyabikorwa bayo, agashyira imbere abafite:
- Ubushobozi bwo gutanga raporo mu buryo butaziguyeku mbuga zikomeye z'ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki
- Serivisi zitangwa mu buryo bwuzuyebikubiyemo amahame menshi agenga
- Igihe cyo gusubiza vubabyo gupima no kwemeza
Imbonerahamwe: Impinduka z'ingenzi mu mabwiriza yo mu 2025 zigira ingaruka ku bashora imari mu Bushinwa mu mahanga
| Isoko | Amabwiriza Ngengamikorere/Amabwiriza Ngengamikorere | Impinduka z'ingenzi | Itariki ntarengwa yo kubahiriza amategeko |
| Kohereza mu mahanga mu Bushinwa | Itangazo rya Gasutamo 2025-150 | Ubugenzuzi bwagutse burimo amatara, ibikoresho bifite amashanyarazi make, imyenda ikora | 1 Kanama 2025 |
| Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi | EN 71-13:2021+A2:2024 | Ibisabwa mu bikoresho bisubiwemo, ubushobozi bwo gutwika ku bikoresho by'amatwi | Ku ya 31 Gicurasi 2025 |
| Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika | ASTM F963-23 | Umutekano wa bateri wongerewe, imipaka y'amajwi yavuguruwe, ibisabwa mu bikoresho byagutse | Gutangira gukoreshwa kuva muri Mata 2024 |
| Ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti | Igenzura rya TIC rya Amazon | Umuntu wa gatatu utegetswe检测机构kugenzura ibikinisho byagurishijwe | Nzeri 2025 |
Guhindura iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko mo inyungu ku irushanwa
Nubwo guhuza n’izi mpinduka mu mategeko bisaba ishoramari rikomeye, ibigo bikomeye birimo guhindura amategeko kuva ku rwego rw’ibiciro kugeza ku rwegoigikoresho cyo gutandukanya isokoIbicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga bikunze kuba ngombwaigiciro cy'ubwishyu kiri hagati ya 15-30%n'uburambeIngano y'ibicuruzwa iri hejuru ya 22%ku mbuga za interineti z'ubucuruzi.
Bwana Li, ucuruza ibikinisho by’uburezi mu mahanga, yagize ati: "Icyasaga n'aho ari umutwaro wo kubahiriza amategeko mu by'ukuri cyabaye 'umuyoboro' w'ubucuruzi bwacu. Ibicuruzwa byacu byemewe ntibirinda ibyago byo gukurwa ku rutonde rw'ibicuruzwa ahubwo byanagize icyizere kinini ku baguzi, aho igipimo cyo kugura ibikoresho byiyongera cyane".
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Imiterere y’amategeko agenga ibyoherezwa mu mahanga by’ibikinisho ikomeje gutera imbere vuba. Impuguke mu nganda zitegereje ko hazabaho izindi ntambwe kuri ibi bikurikira:
- Ibisabwa ku buryo burambyegukemura ibibazo by'ibidukikije
- Ibipimo by'umutekano mu buryo bwa digitaleku bikinisho bigezweho kandi bifitanye isano
- Umucyo mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwaamabwiriza arenze umutekano w'ibicuruzwa kugeza ku mikorere myiza mu bijyanye no gukora
Ibigo bizashyiraho uburyo buhamye bwo gucunga amategeko muri iki gihe bizaba bifite ubushobozi bwo guhuza n’ibi bisabwa mu gihe kizaza, mu gihe bizagumana uburyo bwo kugera ku masoko mpuzamahanga y’ingenzi.
Umwanzuro
Imiterere y’amategeko igoye yo mu 2025 itanga imbogamizi n’amahirwe ku nganda zo mu Bushinwa zohereza ibikinisho mu mahanga. Mu gukurikiza ingamba zirambuye zo kubahiriza amategeko—kuva ku igenzura ry’ibanze kugeza ku guhitamo abafatanyabikorwa—ibigo ntibishobora gusa kunyura mu bisabwa ubu ahubwo binashobora kubaka imyanya ikomeye ku isoko binyuze mu kugaragaza ko byiteguye ku mutekano n’ubwiza bw’ibicuruzwa.
Uko inganda zikomeza gutera imbere, ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha impinduka mu mategeko buzarushaho gutandukanya abayobozi b'isoko n'abayoboke, bigatuma ubuhanga mu kubahiriza amategeko buba umutungo w'agaciro mu bucuruzi bw'ibikinisho ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 17 Nzeri 2025
