Njengoko izikhokelo zomthetho zehlabathi zeethoyi ziqhubeka nokutshintsha kulo lonke unyaka ka-2025, amashishini aseTshayina athumela ngaphandle ajongene nemingeni ebalulekileyo kunye namathuba okwahlulahlula kwimarike ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo okuthobela aphuculweyo. Imithetho emitsha evela kwiimarike ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe kunye neendlela ezihlaziyiweyo zokulawula ukuthumela ngaphandle kwelizwe ziyayila kwakhona imeko yeshishini, zifuna uhlengahlengiso olucwangcisiweyo kubavelisi kunye nabathumela ngaphandle ngokufanayo.
Inkqubo Eyandisiweyo Yokuhlola Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Kumanye Amazwe
Ukusukela nge-1 ka-Agasti 2025, i-General Administration of Customs yaseTshayina iqalise "iSibhengezo sika-2025 No. 150," esiyandisa kakhulu i-
ububanzi bempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle buxhomekeke ekuhlolweni okubonakalayo. Ngelixaamathoyizi abantwanasele ziyinxalenye yokuhlolwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngo-2024, lo mthetho mtsha wongeza iindidi ezintathu eziphambili:iimveliso zokukhanyisa, izixhobo zombane ezisebenzisa umbane ophantsi, kunye neempahla ezisebenzayo.
Iprotokholi yokuhlola ehlaziyiweyo igxininisa ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambelana phakathi kweempahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nolwazi olubhengeziweyo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwedatha yesitokhwe okuphuculweyo. Olu tshintsho ukusuka "kukuhlolwa kwendawo ngamaxesha athile" ukuya "kukuqinisekiswa kokuchaneka okuqhelekileyo" kuthetha ukuba ukungangqinelani akunakulibazisa ukuthunyelwa kuphela kodwa kukwachaphazela nokulinganiswa kwetyala leenkampani kwixesha elizayo - isiphumo esinokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunezohlwayo zemali.
Uhlaziyo oluPhambili lweMigangatho yeHlabathi
IManyano yaseYurophu: EN 71-13:2021+A2:2024
IKomiti yaseYurophu yoKumisa iMigangatho (i-CEN) ipapashe uhlaziyo kwiEN 71-13:2021+A2:2024malunga "nemidlalo yebhodi yokuhombisa, izixhobo zokuhombisa, kunye nemidlalo yokuzonwabisa". Iqale ukusebenza nge-31 kaMeyi 2025, umgangatho ohlaziyiweyo uqalisa:
- Iimfuno ezihlaziyiweyo zeekhonteyina ezingamelani nabantwana, ukuphinda kuvele iindlela zovavanyo lokuvala ezivela kwi-EN 71-13:2014 Isihlomelo C njengesiHlomelo E esitsha
- Iimfuno eziphezulu zomxholo wezinto ezisetyenziswa kulwelo olunokutshakwimidlalo yebhodi yokuhombisa.
- Imiqathango engqongqo kwiivumba ezibangela i-allergieskunye neemfuno eziphuculweyo zokulebhelisha.
Lo mgangatho ujongana ngqo namathoyizi enzelwe ukunceda abantwana bachonge amavumba ahlukeneyo, benze izinto zokuthambisa ezifana neesepha kunye neekhrimu, okanye balungiselele ukutya kusetyenziswa izinto ezityiwayo.
I-United States: Ukuphunyezwa kwe-ASTM F963-23
IUmgangatho we-ASTM F963-23ithathe indawo ye-ASTM F963-17 njengomgangatho onyanzelekileyo wokhuseleko lwamathoyizi kwimarike yase-US, kunye nohlaziyo oluphambili oluquka:
- Ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo lwegumbi lebhetri: Izibophelelo kufuneka zihlale zinamathele kwiingcango zebhetri ngexesha lovavanyo lokusetyenziswa gwenxa, kwaye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuvula iindawo zebhetri mazigcinwe kude nabantwana.
- Iimfuno zezinga lesandi ezihlaziyiweyo: Iithoyi zokutyhala/zokutsala ngoku zinomda wesandi ophezulu (94dB endaweni ye-85dB) kwingxolo eveliswa yintshukumo yomsebenzisi.
- Uvavanyo olucacileyo lwabantwana abadala: Amathoyizi enzelwe abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezulu kwe-8 ngoku kufuneka avavanywe ukuxhatshazwa kusetyenziswa iimeko ezenzelwe abantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyesi-8 ubudala
- Ububanzi obandisiweyo bezinto ezinokwandiswaIimfuno ezintsha zigubungela izinto zokudlala eziqulethe izinto ezinokwanda emva kokuvezwa kulwelo okanye ezo zinokuncipha ngexesha lokugcinwa nokwandiswa kwakhona
Imingeni Yokuthobela Imithetho Ngokuphathelele Iqonga
Amaqonga e-e-commerce anqumla imida angenise amanye amanqwanqwa okuqinisekisa. Ukusukela ngoSeptemba 2025,Inkqubo yokuqinisekisa ngqo ye-TIC (iNkampani yoHlolo lweQela lesithathu) yeAmazonifuna abathengisi basebenzise iqonga elivunyiweyo ukujonga ukuthobela imithetho, endaweni yokuthembela kwiingxelo abazilayishela zona.
Olu tshintsho ludale imingeni yokuqala kubathengisi abafana noMnu. Zhang, owafumanisa ukuba nangona kukho iingxelo zelebhu eziqinisekisiweyo yi-CNAS, iimveliso zakhe zazifuna ukuvavanywa kwakhona ngee-arhente ze-TIC ezivunyiweyo. Le nkqubo ityhile ukuba ayikho.uvavanyo lokusebenza komzimba ngoomatshinikwaye azikho izilumkiso zokhuseleko ezaneleyo xa zipakishwa.
Amaqhinga okuthobela imithetho kwiinkampani ezithumela kwamanye amazwe
Ukubeka iliso okusemgangathweni kunye nokuphunyezwa
Abathumeli-mpahla abaphumeleleyo baseke amaqela azinikeleyo okuthobela imithetho ukuze ajonge uphuhliso lwemithetho kwiimarike eziphambili. Ukuthatha inxaxheba rhoqo kwiiforam zoshishino kunye nokubandakanyeka kwangethuba neearhente zovavanyo ezifanaI-Intertek, i-SGS, kunye ne-CTLnceda iinkampani zilindele utshintsho endaweni yokusabela kulo.
Iinkqubo zoQinisekiso noXinzelelo oluNgcono
Iinkampani zisebenzisa iinkqubo zoxwebhu eziqinileyo ezilandelela oku kulandelayo:
- Ukufunyanwa kwezinto eziphathekayokunye nezatifikethi zokuthobela imithetho yomthengisi
- Iirekhodi zebhetshi yemvelisongedatha epheleleyo yovavanyo
- Uphononongo lokupakishwa kunye nokulebhelishakwiimfuno ezithile zemarike
- Ukuqinisekiswa komntu wesithathungokusebenzisa ii-arhente ze-TIC ezivunyiweyo ukuze kuthotyelwe imithetho yeqonga
Uhlengahlengiso loYilo lokuthobela uBugcisa
Uyilo olutsha lwemveliso luye lwayimfuneko ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezintsha ezithile:
- Iigumbi zebhetri eziqinisiweyongeendlela zokubopha ezikhuselekileyo
- Amanqanaba esandi anciphileyoapho kufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiithoyi zokutyhala/zokutsala
- Izikhongozeli ezimelana nabantwanakwiikiti zokudlala ezisekelwe kwiikhemikhali
- Izilumkiso zokhuseleko eziphuculweyokunye nemiyalelo yokusebenzisa efanelekileyo ngokweminyaka
Ukucaca kunye noLawulo lweCandelo loNikezelo
Abavelisi abacinga kwangaphambili bayaqalisaiinkqubo zolawulo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zedijithaliezivumelanisa idatha yexesha langempela phakathi kwezixhobo zemveliso kunye neendawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya. Iinkqubo ezifana neqonga lolawulo lweendawo zokugcina impahla zaphesheya kweKEYFIL zinceda ukugcina iirekhodi ezichanekileyo zokungqinelana kwempahla kunye nesibhengezo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekuphumeleleni kokuhlolwa kwerhafu.
Ukukhethwa Kwamaqabane Anobuchule
Iinkampani ziya zikhetha ngakumbi amaqabane azo, zibeka phambili lawo ana:
- Amandla okunika ingxelo ngokuthe ngqoukuya kumaqonga amakhulu e-commerce
- Iminikelo yeenkonzo ezipheleleyoegubungela imigangatho emininzi yemithetho
- Amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawulezauvavanyo kunye nesatifikethi
Itheyibhile: Utshintsho Olukhulu Lwemithetho Yowama-2025 Oluchaphazela Abathumeli Bezinto Zokudlala BaseTshayina
| Imarike | Umgangatho/Umgaqo | Utshintsho oluPhambili | Umhla wokugqibela wokuthobela imithetho |
| Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eTshayina | Isibhengezo seeNkcubeko sika-2025-150 | Ububanzi bokuhlolwa obandisiweyo buquka izibane, izixhobo zombane ophantsi, iimpahla ezisebenzayo | Nge-1 ka-Agasti, 2025 |
| udibano lwaseyurophu | EN 71-13:2021+A2:2024 | Iimfuneko zesikhongozeli ezihlaziyiweyo, imida yokutsha kwezinto zokudlala ezivayo | Ngomhla wama-31 kuCanzibe, ngo-2025 |
| Amazwe Amanyene | I-ASTM F963-23 | Ukhuseleko lwebhetri oluphuculweyo, isandi esihlaziyiweyo, iimfuno zezinto ezandisiweyo | Isebenza ukususela ngo-Epreli 2024 |
| Urhwebo lwe-elektroniki | Uqinisekiso lwe-TIC lweAmazon | Umntu wesithathu onyanzelekileyo检测机构ukuqinisekiswa kokuthengiswa kweethoyi | Septemba 2025 |
Ukuguqula ukuthobela imithetho kube yiNzuzo yoKhuphiswano
Nangona ukuziqhelanisa nezi nguqu zomthetho kufuna utyalo-mali olukhulu, iinkampani eziphambili ziguqula ukuthobela imithetho ukusuka kwiziko leendleko ukuya kwiisixhobo sokwahlulahlula imarikeIimveliso ezihlangabezana ngempumelelo nemigangatho engqongqo yamazwe ngamazwe zihlala zifunaiiprimiyamu zexabiso ze-15-30%kunye namavaIxabiso lokuthengisa eliphezulu ngama-22%kumaqonga e-commerce.
UMnu. Li, umthengisi weethoyi zemfundo ohamba ngaphesheya kwemida, uthe: "Oko kwakubonakala ngathi ngumthwalo wokuthobela imithetho kuye kwaba 'ngumjelo' weshishini lethu. Iimveliso zethu eziqinisekisiweyo aziphepheli umngcipheko wokususwa kuluhlu kodwa zikwafumene ukuthenjwa okuphezulu ngabathengi, kunye namazinga okuthengwa kwakhona enyuka kakhulu".
Imbono yexesha elizayo
Imeko yolawulo lokuthunyelwa kweethoyi kwamanye amazwe iyaqhubeka nokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza. Iingcali zoshishino zilindele ukuphuculwa okungakumbi koku:
- Iimfuneko zozinzoukujongana neenkxalabo zokusingqongileyo
- Iinkcukacha zokhuseleko lwedijithalikwiithoyi ezikrelekrele neziqhagamshelweyo
- Ukucaca kwekhonkco loboneleloimiyalelo edlula ukhuseleko lwemveliso iye kwimikhwa yokuziphatha kakuhle
Iinkampani eziseka iinkqubo zolawulo lokuthobela imithetho eziqinileyo namhlanje ziya kuba kwindawo engcono yokuziqhelanisa nezi mfuno zexesha elizayo ngelixa zigcina ukufikelela kwiimarike eziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe.
Isiphelo
Imeko-bume enzima yokulawula ka-2025 inika imingeni kunye namathuba kushishino lokuthumela ngaphandle amathoyizi eTshayina. Ngokwamkela amaqhinga apheleleyo okuthobela imithetho—ukusuka ekujongeni okusemgangathweni okusebenzayo ukuya ekukhetheni amaqabane anobuchule—amashishini akanakukwazi nje kuphela ukuhamba kwiimfuno zangoku kodwa akwakha nezikhundla eziqinileyo kwimarike ngokuzibophelela okubonakalayo kukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wayo.
Njengoko eli shishini liqhubeka nokutshintsha, ukukwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza notshintsho olulawulayo kuya kwahlukanisa ngakumbi iinkokheli zemarike kubalandeli, okwenza ubuchule bokuthobela imithetho bube yimpahla exabisekileyo yokukhuphisana kurhwebo lwehlabathi lweethoyi.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-17-2025
