Imboni yamathoyizi, umkhakha odumile ngokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nokuthanda izinto ezintsha, ubhekene nemithethonqubo nezindinganiso eziqinile uma kukhulunywa ngokuthumela imikhiqizo e-United States. Njengoba kunezidingo eziqinile ezenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nekhwalithi yamathoyizi, abakhiqizi abafuna ukungena kule makethe enenzuzo kumele babe nolwazi oluhle ngeziqu kanye nezitifiketi ezidingekayo. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuqondisa amabhizinisi ngemithetho nezinqubo ezibalulekile okumele zihlangatshezwe ukuze kuthunyelwe ngempumelelo amathoyizi e-US.
Okuhamba phambili kulezi zimfuneko ukunamathela eziqondisweni zeKhomishini Yokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi (i-CPSC). I-CPSC iyi-ejensi kahulumeni enesibopho sokuvikela umphakathi ezingozini ezingenasidingo zokulimala noma ukufa ezihambisana nemikhiqizo yabathengi. Kumathoyizi, lokhu kusho ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuhlola nokufaka amalebula eziqinile njengoba kuchaziwe kuMthetho Wokuphepha Komkhiqizo Wabathengi.
Enye yezindinganiso ezibaluleke kakhulu ukunqunyelwa kokuqukethwe kwe-phthalate, okunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali athile kumapulasitiki ukuvikela izingane ezingozini zempilo ezingaba khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amathoyizi akumelwe abe namazinga ayingozi e-lead, futhi angaphansi kokuhlolwa okuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ayahlangabezana nalezi zindinganiso.
Ngaphandle kokuphepha kwamakhemikhali, amathoyizi ahloselwe imakethe yase-US kumele futhi ahambisane nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile zomzimba nezemishini. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amathoyizi aklanyelwe ukuvimbela izingozi ezifana nokuminyana, ukuklwebheka, ukulimala kokushayisana, nokuningi. Abakhiqizi bamathoyizi kumele babonise ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ihlolwa kanzima emalabhorethri aqinisekisiwe ukuze bahlangabezane nalezi zindinganiso.
Esinye isidingo esibalulekile sabathengisi bamathoyizi e-US ukuthobela imithethonqubo yokulebula izwe elivela kulo (COOL). Lokhu kuyala ukuthi
Imikhiqizo engenisiwe ikhombisa izwe evela kulo ephaketheni noma umkhiqizo ngokwawo, okunikeza ukucaca kubathengi mayelana nokuthi bathenga kuphi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesidingo seLebula Lesexwayiso Sokuphepha Kwengane, elixwayisa abazali nabanakekeli nganoma yiziphi izingozi ezingase zihlotshaniswe nethoyizi futhi linikeze izimpawu zobudala ezinconywayo. Amathoyizi aqondiswe ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, isibonelo, kudingeka abe nelebula lesixwayiso uma kukhona izingxenye ezincane noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphepha.
Ukuze kube lula ukungena kwamathoyizi e-US, abathumeli ngaphandle kumele bathole isitifiketi se-Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), esivumela imikhiqizo ethile evela emazweni afanelekile ukuthi ingene e-US ngaphandle kwentela. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukukhuthaza intuthuko yezomnotho emazweni asathuthuka ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi imikhiqizo ihlangabezana nezindinganiso ezithile, okuhlanganisa nezindinganiso zemvelo nezabasebenzi.
Kuye ngohlobo lwethoyizi, kungadingeka izitifiketi ezengeziwe. Amathoyizi kagesi, isibonelo, kumele ahlangabezane nemithethonqubo ye-Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic kanye nemikhawulo yokuphazamiseka kwemvamisa yomsakazo. Amathoyizi asetshenziswa yibhethri kufanele ahambisane nemithethonqubo ebekwe yi-United States Environmental Protection Agency mayelana nokulahlwa kwebhethri kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-mercury.
Ngasohlangothini lokulawula, amathoyizi athunyelwa e-US nawo ahlolwa yi-US Customs and Border Protection (CBP). Le nqubo ihilela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo engena ezweni iyahlangabezana nayo yonke imithetho nemigomo esebenzayo, okuhlanganisa naleyo ehlobene nokuphepha, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokulebula.
Ngokuphathelene nokuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi, ukuthola isitifiketi se-ISO 9001, esifakazela ikhono lenkampani lokuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende kanye nezomthetho njalo, kunenzuzo enkulu. Nakuba kungeyona impoqo njalo ekuthunyelweni kwamathoyizi kwamanye amazwe, le ndinganiso eyaziwayo emhlabeni wonke ibonisa ukuzibophezela kwikhwalithi futhi ingasebenza njengomphumela wokuncintisana emakethe.
Ezinkampanini ezisanda kuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, inqubo ingabonakala inzima. Kodwa-ke, kunezinsiza eziningi ezitholakalayo zokusiza abakhiqizi ekubhekaneni nalezi zidingo. Izinhlangano zezohwebo ezifana ne-Toy Association kanye nezinkampani zokubonisana zinikeza isiqondiso mayelana nokuhambisana nemithetho, izinqubo zokuhlola, kanye nezinqubo zokuqinisekisa.
Ekuphetheni, ukuthunyelwa kwamathoyizi e-US kuwumzamo olawulwa kakhulu odinga ukulungiswa okubanzi kanye nokunamathela ezindinganisweni eziningi. Kusukela ekuhambisaneni kwe-CPSC kanye nemithethonqubo ye-COOL kuya ezitifiketi ze-GSP nangaphezulu, abakhiqizi bamathoyizi kumele bahambe endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo ivunyelwe ngokusemthethweni ukungena emakethe. Ngokuqonda nokusebenzisa lezi zidingo, izinkampani zingazibeka esimweni sempumelelo emakethe yamathoyizi yase-US encintisanayo futhi efuna izinto eziningi.
Njengoba ukuhweba komhlaba wonke kuqhubeka nokukhula, nezindinganiso ezikuqondisayo ziyathuthuka. Kwabenzi bamathoyizi, ukuhlala benolwazi ngalezi zinguquko akuyona nje into edingekayo ngokomthetho kodwa kuyinto ebalulekile yokwakha ukwethembana nabathengi baseMelika nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesizukulwane esilandelayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-11-2024
