Kusintha kwakukulu kwa malamulo ndi kusintha kwa mfundo zasintha mawonekedwe a malonda apadziko lonse ku China
Pamene tikupita patsogolo mu 2025, makampani ogulitsa kunja ku China awona kuyambitsidwa kwa malamulo ndi mfundo zatsopano zingapo zofunika zomwe cholinga chake ndikusintha malamulo ake, kukulitsa zofunikira pakutsata malamulo, ndikulimbikitsa kukula kokhazikika. Kusintha kumeneku kukuwonetsa kuyesetsa kwa China kusintha momwe malonda apadziko lonse lapansi akusinthira pomwe ikulimbitsa malo ake pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Kukonzanso Kwathunthu kwa Malamulo Amalonda Akunja
Kusintha kwakukulu kwa malamulo kumachokera ku kusintha kwa lamulo la malonda akunja la China, komwe kunaperekedwa ku Komiti Yokhazikika ya National People's Congress kuti iwunikidwenso mu Seputembala 2025. Kusintha kwakukulu kumeneku kuli ndi mitu 11 ndi nkhani 80 zomwe zimasintha kwathunthu dongosolo la malamulo lomwe lilipo.
Mbali zazikulu za Lamulo Losinthidwa la Zamalonda Zakunja ndi izi:
- Malamulo Owonjezera a Chitetezo cha Dziko: Lamulo losinthidwali likuphatikizapo momveka bwino "kuteteza ufulu wa dziko, chitetezo, ndi zofuna za chitukuko" m'mapulani ake a malamulo pomwe likuwonjezera malamulo omwe amafuna ntchito zamalonda zakunja kuti zithandize chitukuko cha zachuma ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko.
- Kugwirizana kwa Miyezo Yapadziko Lonse:Kusinthaku kukupereka lamulo kwa China kuti igwirizane ndi malamulo apamwamba azachuma ndi malonda apadziko lonse lapansi pomwe ikutenga nawo mbali kwambiri popanga malamulo azamalonda apadziko lonse lapansi.
- Njira Zatsopano Zogulitsira:Chikalatachi chikukweza njira zingapo zosintha mabungwe azamalamulo, kuphatikizapo njira yoyendetsera mndandanda wazinthu zotsutsana ndi malonda, kuthandizira kupanga mitundu yatsopano yamalonda ndi mitundu, kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha malonda a digito, komanso kufulumizitsa njira zamalonda zobiriwira.
- Chitetezo cha Katundu Wanzeru:Lamulo losinthidwali likugogomezera kukulitsa chitetezo cha IP chokhudzana ndi malonda akunja, kukonza milingo yotsata malamulo, komanso kulimbitsa kuthekera koyankha zoopsa kwa ogwira ntchito zamalonda.
- Njira Yothandizira Kusintha kwa Malonda:Njira yatsopano ikufuna kukhazikika kwa mafakitale ndi maunyolo ogulitsa zinthu komanso kulimbikitsa mabungwe opereka chithandizo chaukadaulo kuti akonze maukonde awo kuti apereke ntchito zabwino kwambiri kwa ogwira ntchito zamalonda akunja.
- Zida Zowonjezera Zoyesera:Lamulo losinthidwali likuwonjezera zida zalamulo za China pa mikangano yapadziko lonse powonjezera njira zothanirana ndi mavuto. Tsopano limalola kuletsa kapena kuletsa zochitika zamalonda zakunja ndi anthu kapena mabungwe zomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo ufulu wa dziko la China, chitetezo, kapena zofuna zachitukuko. Limaletsanso chithandizo chilichonse kapena thandizo loletsa njira zothanirana ndi mavutowa.
Zofunikira Zokhwima Zolengeza Kutumiza Zinthu Kunja
Kuyambira pa 1 Okutobala, 2025, malamulo atsopano ochokera ku State Taxation Administration (Announcement 2025 No. 17) akhazikitsa malamulo okhwima pa kulengeza kutumiza kunja kwa dziko. Malamulowa alamula kuti:
- Makampani otumiza katundu ku proxy ayenera kupereka lipoti nthawi imodzi zambiri zenizeni za makasitomala ndi mtengo wake. Kulephera kutsatira malamulowa kudzapangitsa kuti zinthu ziyendetsedwe ngati zotumiza katundu ku kampani zomwe zimadalira misonkho ya ndalama.
- Zilengezo zonse za kasitomu ziyenera kulengeza molondola zambiri zenizeni za eni katundu, cholinga chake ndi kuthetsa machitidwe a "kutumiza katundu kunja" ndi "kutumiza katundu kunja kotchulidwa".
- Anthu sadzayenererenso kukhala anthu okhometsa msonkho wotumiza katundu kunja kwa dziko ndipo sangalowe nawo m'malengezo oyenera a bizinesi yotumiza katundu kunja.
Makampani osatsatira malamulo amakumana ndi zilango zoopsa, kuphatikizapo:
- Zilango kuyambira 5% mpaka 30% ya mtengo wa katunduyo
- Kutsika kwa ma credit rating
- Kungakhale ndi mlandu waukulu chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamulo akuluakulu
Malamulo atsopanowa amapereka malingaliro osiyanasiyana otsatira malamulo kwa mabizinesi omwe ali pamlingo wosiyanasiyana wa chitukuko, kulimbikitsa ogulitsa ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati kusankha othandizira ovomerezeka, ogulitsa omwe akukula kuti aganizire zokhazikitsa makampani aku Hong Kong, ndi mabizinesi okhwima kuti apeze ufulu wodziyimira pawokha wotumiza ndi kutumiza kunja.
Zatsopano za Ndondomeko Zachigawo: Chitsanzo cha Beijing E-Town
Kupatula malamulo a dziko lonse, mfundo za m'madera zikuwonetsanso njira zosinthira zamalonda akunja. Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (E-Town) idakhazikitsa mfundo zatsopano mu Seputembala 2025:
- "Miyezo Yatsopano Yogulitsira Zakunja 8" ikuyimira kusintha kwakukulu kuchokera ku mfundo zakale, kuwonjezera chithandizo ndi kufufuza njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira.
- Ndalama zothandizira zowonetsera zakunja, ndipo ndalama zobwezera ndalama zikukwera kuchoka pa 30% mpaka 40%.
- Mphotho zachuma kwa makampani omwe apeza Customs AEO Advanced Certification.
- Ndalama zothandizira ndalama zothandizira inshuwalansi ya ngongole yotumiza kunja kuti zichepetse ndalama zowonjezera padziko lonse lapansi.
Ndondomekozi cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza Beijing E-Town kulima makampani opitilira 10 okhala ndi RMB yoposa 10 biliyoni mu malonda akunja, makampani 30 okhala ndi RMB yoposa 1 biliyoni, ndi makampani 100 okhala ndi RMB yoposa 100 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2027.
Zotsatira zake pa Makampani Ogulitsa Zakunja
Malamulo ndi mfundo zatsopanozi zikupereka mavuto ndi mwayi kwa mabizinesi omwe akuchita malonda akunja:
- Zofunikira Zowonjezereka Zotsatira Malamulo:Makampani ayenera kulimbitsa njira zawo zoyendetsera malamulo, makamaka pankhani yolengeza za kutumiza kunja, kuteteza katundu wanzeru, komanso kutsatira malamulo atsopano.
- Mwayi Wowonjezera Wothandizira:Mabizinesi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira mfundo, kuphatikizapo ndalama zothandizira ziwonetsero, thandizo la inshuwaransi ya ngongole, ndi mphotho za ziphaso zapamwamba.
- Kutsimikizika Kwambiri kwa Malamulo:Kukwezedwa kwa njira zopambana zosinthira mabungwe azamalamulo kumapereka bata komanso kudziwikiratu bwino za kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali.
- Kufunika kwa Ukatswiri Wapadera:Kuvuta kwa malamulo atsopano kumawonjezera phindu la ntchito zaukadaulo zomwe zimayang'anira kutsatira malamulo amalonda akunja, chuma chanzeru, komanso kuthetsa mikangano yapadziko lonse.
Mapeto
Malamulo atsopano amalonda akunja omwe adayambitsidwa mu 2025 akuyimira njira yonse ya China yosinthira dongosolo lake lamalonda kuti ligwirizane ndi zovuta ndi mwayi wamakono. Mwa kulimbitsa maziko azamalamulo, kukulitsa njira zotsatirira malamulo, komanso kupereka njira zothandizira, malamulowa cholinga chake ndi kupanga malo olimba, abwino, komanso okhazikika kuti malonda akunja apitirire.
Pamene mabizinesi akusintha mogwirizana ndi kusinthaku, iwo omwe amagwirizanitsa ntchito zawo ndi zofunikira zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira zomwe zilipo adzakhala pamalo abwino oti achite bwino pamalonda omwe akusintha ku China. Kupitilizabe kulimbikitsa malonda a digito, chitukuko chobiriwira, komanso mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi kukuwonetsa kuti madera awa adzakhalabe ofunikira pakupanga mfundo zamtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-16-2025
