Utshintsho olukhulu kwezomthetho kunye nohlaziyo lwemigaqo-nkqubo luyila ngokutsha imeko-bume yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe lwaseTshayina
Njengoko siqhubeka nokufikelela kunyaka ka-2025, ishishini lorhwebo lwangaphandle laseTshayina libone ukungeniswa kwemithetho emininzi ebalulekileyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ejolise ekuphuculeni isakhelo sayo somthetho, ukuphucula iimfuno zokuthobela imithetho, kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula okuzinzileyo. Olu tshintsho lubonisa imizamo eqhubekayo yeTshayina yokuziqhelanisa nemeko yorhwebo lwehlabathi eguqukayo ngelixa iqinisa isikhundla sayo kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe.
Uhlaziyo olupheleleyo loMthetho woRhwebo lwaNgaphandle
Utshintsho olukhulu kakhulu kumthetho luvela kuyilo lolungiso loMthetho woRhwebo lwaNgaphandle waseTshayina, oluthunyelwe kwiKomiti eSisigxina yeNational People's Congress ukuze ihlolwe ngoSeptemba 2025. Olu hlaziyo lubanzi luquka izahluko ezili-11 kunye namanqaku angama-80 ahlaziya ngokupheleleyo isakhelo somthetho esikhoyo.
Iinkalo eziphambili zoMthetho woRhwebo lwaNgaphandle ohlaziyiweyo ziquka:
- Izibonelelo zoKhuseleko lweSizwe eziphuculweyo: Umthetho olungisiweyo ubandakanya ngokucacileyo "ukukhusela ubukhosi besizwe, ukhuseleko, kunye nomdla wophuhliso" kwiinjongo zawo zomthetho ngelixa wongeza izibonelelo ezifuna umsebenzi worhwebo lwangaphandle ukuze kuphuhliswe uqoqosho lwesizwe kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo.
- Ulungelelwaniso lweMigangatho yaMazwe ngaMazwe:Olu hlaziyo lugunyazisa ngokusesikweni iTshayina ukuba ihambelane ngokukhutheleyo nemithetho yezoqoqosho neyezorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe esemgangathweni ophezulu ngelixa ithatha inxaxheba kakhulu ekwenzeni imithetho yezorhwebo yamazwe ngamazwe.
- Iindlela ezintsha zorhwebo:Uyilo luphakamisa amanyathelo aliqela okulungisa amaziko ezomthetho, kuquka inkqubo yolawulo loluhlu oluchasene norhwebo lweenkonzo eziwela imida, inkxaso yokuphuhlisa iifomathi ezintsha zorhwebo kunye neemodeli, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lorhwebo lwedijithali, kunye nokukhawuleziswa kweenkqubo zorhwebo oluluhlaza.
- Ukhuseleko lwePropati yoBuchule:Umthetho olungisiweyo ugxininisa ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lwe-IP olunxulumene norhwebo lwangaphandle, ukuphucula amanqanaba okuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuqinisa amandla okuphendula umngcipheko kubaqhubi bezorhwebo.
- Inkqubo yoNcedo loLungiso loRhwebo:Indlela entsha ijolise ekuzinziseni imixokelelwane yemizi-mveliso kunye nokubonelela ngeenkonzo ngelixa ikhuthaza amaziko eenkonzo zobungcali ukuba aphucule uthungelwano lwawo ukuze anikezele ngeenkonzo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kubaqhubi bezorhwebo bangaphandle.
- Izixhobo zokulinganisa ezandisiweyo:Lo mthetho uhlaziyiweyo utyebisa ibhokisi yezixhobo zomthetho yaseTshayina kwiingxabano zamazwe ngamazwe ngokongeza amanyathelo okuchasa. Ngoku uvumela ukuthintela okanye ukuthintela imisebenzi yorhwebo lwangaphandle nabantu okanye imibutho ebeka emngciphekweni ubukhosi besizwe saseTshayina, ukhuseleko, okanye uphuhliso. Ukwathintela naluphi na uncedo okanye uncedo lokuthintela la manyathelo okuchasa.
Iimfuneko Ezingqongqo Zokubhengeza Ukuthunyelwa Kwempahla Ngaphandle
Ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kweyeDwarha ngo-2025, imithetho emitsha evela kwi-State Taxation Administration (Isibhengezo sika-2025 No. 17) ibeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kwizibhengezo zokuthumela ngaphandle. Le mithetho iyalela ukuba:
- Amashishini athumela impahla ngaphandle kweproksi kufuneka ngaxeshanye axele ulwazi lokwenyani lwabathengi kunye namaxabiso okuthumela impahla ngaphandle. Ukusilela ukuthobela kuya kubangela ukuba kuthathwe njengokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuzisebenzela ngokwako kunye nezibophelelo zerhafu yengeniso yeshishini ezihambelanayo.
- Zonke izibhengezo zerhafu yelizwe kufuneka zibhengeze ngokuchanekileyo ulwazi lokwenyani lwabanini bempahla, zijolise ekupheliseni "ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngaphandle" kunye "nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okuqanjwe ngegama".
- Abantu abasayi kufaneleka njengezifundo zerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle kwamanye amazwe kwaye abanakuthatha inxaxheba kwizibhengezo ezifanelekileyo zoshishino lokuthumela ngaphandle.
Amashishini angathobeliyo imithetho ajongene nezohlwayo eziqatha, eziquka:
- Izigwebo eziqala kwi-5% ukuya kwi-30% yexabiso lempahla
- Ukwehla kwamanqanaba ovavanyo lwetyala
- Uxanduva olunokwenzeka lolwaphulo-mthetho ngenxa yokwaphulwa komthetho okukhulu
Imithetho emitsha inika iingcebiso ezahlukeneyo zokuthobela imithetho kumashishini akumanqanaba ahlukeneyo ophuhliso, ikhuthaza abathengisi abancinci nabaphakathi ukuba bakhethe iiarhente ezisemthethweni, abathengisi abakhulayo ukuba bacinge ngokuseka iinkampani zaseHong Kong, kunye namashishini avuthiweyo ukuze afumane amalungelo azimeleyo okungenisa nokuthumela kwamanye amazwe.
Uyilo lweMigaqo-nkqubo yeSithili: Umzekelo weBeijing E-Town
Ngaphaya kwemithetho yenqanaba lesizwe, imigaqo-nkqubo yengingqi ikwabonakalisa iindlela ezitshintshayo zorhwebo lwangaphandle. Indawo yoPhuhliso lwezoQoqosho-buchwepheshe yaseBeijing (i-E-Town) yazisa imigaqo-nkqubo ephuculweyo ngoSeptemba 2025:
- "Iindlela ezintsha zoRhwebo lwaNgaphandle eziyi-8" zimele uphuculo olupheleleyo oluvela kwimigaqo-nkqubo yangaphambili, ukwandisa inkxaso kunye nokuhlola iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoncedo.
- Izibonelelo eziphezulu zemiboniso yaphesheya, kunye namazinga okubuyiselwa kwemali anyuka ukusuka kwi-30% ukuya kwi-40%.
- Imivuzo yemali kwiinkampani ezifumene iSiqinisekiso se-Customs AEO Advanced.
- Izibonelelo zeeprimiyamu zeinshorensi yekhredithi yokuthumela ngaphandle ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zokwandiswa kwamazwe ngamazwe.
Le migaqo-nkqubo ijolise ekuncedeni iBeijing E-Town ukuba ikhulise iinkampani ezingaphezu kwe-10 ezine-RMB engaphezulu kwe-10 yeebhiliyoni kurhwebo lwangaphandle, iinkampani ezingama-30 ezine-RMB engaphezulu kwe-1 yeebhiliyoni, kunye neenkampani ezili-100 ezine-RMB engaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidi ngo-2027.
Iziphumo kumashishini oRhwebo lwangaphandle
Imigaqo nemigaqo-nkqubo emitsha inika imingeni kunye namathuba kumashishini abandakanyeka kurhwebo lwangaphandle:
- Iimfuneko zokuthobela imithetho eziphuculweyo:Iinkampani maziqinise iinkqubo zazo zolawulo lokuthobela imithetho, ingakumbi malunga nezibhengezo zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe, ukhuseleko lwepropathi yengqondo, kunye nokunamathela kwimigaqo-nkqubo emitsha yomthetho.
- Amathuba Okwanda Kwenkxaso:Amashishini anokufumana inkxaso eyahlukeneyo yemigaqo-nkqubo, kuquka inkxaso-mali yemiboniso, uncedo lweprimiyamu yeinshorensi yetyala, kunye nemivuzo yeziqinisekiso eziphezulu.
- Ukuqinisekiswa Okukhulu Kwezomthetho:Ukuphakanyiswa kwamanyathelo okuguqula aphumeleleyo kumaziko ezomthetho kunika uzinzo olungakumbi kunye nokuqikelelwa kwangaphambili kwesicwangciso sexesha elide.
- Imfuneko yoBugcisa obuKhethekileyo:Ubunzima bemithetho emitsha buyandisa ixabiso leenkonzo zobungcali ezigxile ekuthobeleni imithetho yorhwebo lwangaphandle, ubunini bolwazi, kunye nokusombulula iingxabano zamazwe ngamazwe.
Isiphelo
Imithetho emitsha yorhwebo lwangaphandle eyaziswa ngo-2025 imele indlela epheleleyo yeTshayina yokuhlaziya isakhelo sayo sorhwebo kwiingxaki zanamhlanje kunye namathuba. Ngokuqinisa iziseko zomthetho, ukuphucula iindlela zokuthobela imithetho, kunye nokubonelela ngamanyathelo enkxaso ajoliswe kuwo, le mithetho ijolise ekudaleni imeko-bume eqinileyo, enobulungisa, nezinzileyo yophuhliso lorhwebo lwangaphandle.
Njengoko amashishini eziqhelanisa nolu tshintsho, abo balungelelanisa imisebenzi yabo neemfuno ezintsha ngelixa besebenzisa iindlela zokuxhasa ezikhoyo baya kuba kwindawo engcono yokuphumelela kwimeko-bume yorhwebo eguqukayo yaseTshayina. Ukugxininiswa okuqhubekayo kurhwebo lwedijithali, uphuhliso oluluhlaza, kunye nokulungelelaniswa okusemgangathweni kwamazwe ngamazwe kubonisa ukuba ezi ndawo ziya kuhlala ziphambili kuphuhliso lwemigaqo-nkqubo yexesha elizayo.
Ixesha leposi: Sep-16-2025
