Isoko ry’ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga ku isi mu 2025 rirangwa n’uko Amazon ikomeje kwiganza, ubucuruzi bw’imibereho myiza n’abahanga mu karere bazamuka cyane, ndetse n’ibibazo by’amasoko gakondo hagati y’imyitwarire y’abaguzi ihinduka ndetse n’irushanwa rikomeye.
Imiterere y’ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki ku isi mu 2025 igaragaza ishusho ihamye y’irushanwa rikomeye, impinduka mu byo abaguzi bakunda, ndetse n’ingamba zigenda zihinduka zo gukoresha urubuga. Nubwo ibihangange bikomeye bikomeje kuba indashyikirwa binyuze mu guhanga udushya no kuzamuka, abakinnyi bashya barimo kwigarurira isoko binyuze mu buryo bwihariye no kwibanda ku karere.
Abayobozi b'isoko bakomeje kwigarurira
Amazon ikomeje kuba iya mbere mu bucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga ku isi. Ifite GMV itangaje ya miliyari 720 z’amadolari n’izamuka rya 9% ry’umwaka urenga (igihembwe cya mbere cya 2025), uru rubuga rukomeje kuba rwiza binyuze mu ishoramari rikomeye ry’ikoranabuhanga (miliyari 23 z’amadolari mu bikorwa remezo by’ikoranabuhanga) ndetse n’umuyoboro warwo ugezweho wa FBA. Isoko rya Amazon rikomeje gukomera cyane mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byo mu rugo, byagize igipimo cy’iterambere rya 200%. Uburyo bw’uru rubuga "guhanga udushya mu bicuruzwa", bushimangira ubumenyi ku busabe, iterambere ry’ubuhanga, kwemeza ibicuruzwa, iterambere ry’ubunini, no kuvugurura ibintu mu buryo buhoraho, byafashije abagurisha, cyane cyane abashoramari bo mu Bushinwa, kugera ku ntsinzi ikomeye. Mu mwaka ushize, abagurisha bo mu Bushinwa kuri Amazon babonye ukwiyongera kwa 20% mu bicuruzwa bigurishwa ku isi yose n’izamuka rya 60% mu bagurisha rirenga miliyoni 10 z’amadolari mu bicuruzwa bigurishwa buri mwaka.
Walmart ikomeje kuba iya kabiri mu bunini ifite miliyari 648.1 z'amadolari muri GMV, ikoresha uburyo bwayo bwo gucuruza ibintu byinshi kugira ngo yongere serivisi zayo zo kuri interineti. Iyi sosiyete ubu irimo kugerageza uburyo bwa "iduka rinini ry'ikoranabuhanga" rigamije guhuza abasura urubuga rwa interineti n'abatari kuri interineti, bishobora guha abagurisha kuri interineti uburenganzira bwo kubona abakiriya ba Walmart miliyoni 270 buri cyumweru badakoresha interineti. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha interineti, hamwe no kwagura serivisi zo kohereza ibicuruzwa ku munsi ukurikiyeho no gusonerwa amafaranga ku byiciro nk'ibikinisho n'amatungo, byagize uruhare mu gutuma Walmart ikurura abacuruzi b'Abashinwa barenga 60% mu 2024 ugereranije n'umwaka ushize.
Amashyirahamwe Akiri Kuzamuka Yateye Iterambere Rikomeye
Imbuga nyinshi zagaragaje iterambere ritangaje kandi zirimo kuvugurura ibice by'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti:
TikTok Shop yagaragaye nk'ikigo gikomeye mu bucuruzi bw'imibereho myiza y'abaturage, igera kuri miliyari 50 z'amadolari muri GMV, aho yazamutseho 208% mu mwaka ushize mu gikorwa cyo kugurisha cyabereye muri Megizike. Intsinzi y'uru rubuga muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba na Amerika y'Epfo igaragaza imbaraga zo guhuza imyidagaduro n'ubucuruzi. Ariko, ihura n'imbogamizi zikomeye mu bijyanye na politiki ku masoko yo mu Burengerazuba bw'Isi, cyane cyane mu Burayi no muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru.
Nubwo Temu, nubwo iherutse gushyirwaho igitutu na politiki y’imisoro ya Amerika byatumye abakoresha Amerika bagabanukaho 58% muri Gicurasi 2025, yagaragaje ubushobozi bwo kwihangana butangaje. Uru rubuga rwagutse rugera ku bihugu 50 kuva rwatangira gukoreshwa mu 2022, kandi rwiyongereyeho 69% mu bakuramo ibicuruzwa mu 2024. Mu Burayi, abakoresha Temu buri kwezi barenga miliyoni 115 mu gice cya mbere cya 2025, aho iterambere rikomeye ryazamutse mu Bufaransa, Esipanye na Rumaniya. Ingamba zikomeye z’uru rubuga zo kugena ibiciro n’uburyo bwo gusangira amakuru n’abandi byatumye rubasha gufata isoko rinini vuba.
Impuguke mu Karere Zifata Imigabane y'Isoko
Uretse abakina ku isi, urubuga rwinshi rwo mu karere rwashyizeho imyanya ikomeye ku masoko yarwo:
OZON yagaragaje imikorere idasanzwe ku isoko ry’Uburusiya, igera kuri miliyari 10.16 z’amadolari muri GMV, ikaba yarazamutseho 65% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize (Q1 2025). Nk’urubuga rwa mbere rw’ubucuruzi bw’ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu mu Burusiya, yungukiye ku buhanga mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho ndetse no gusobanukirwa ibyo abaguzi bakunda mu karere.
Mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, Shopee ikomeje kuyobora ifite miliyari 83 z'amadolari muri GMV, nubwo ihanganye n'abakina ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa mu karere ndetse n'izindi mbuga mpuzamahanga zigenda zikwirakwira ku isoko.
Mercado Libre ikomeje kwigarurira ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki bwo muri Amerika y'Epfo, ikaba yarageze kuri miliyari 24 z'amadolari muri GMV mu 2024.
Amapuratifomu ahura n'ibibazo
Nubwo hari urubuga rutera imbere, hari n'uruhura n'ibibazo bikomeye:
eBay isa nkaho irimo guhangana n’iterambere, ikaba yaragabanutseho -0.8% mu mafaranga yinjira mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025 nubwo ifite GMV nini ya miliyari 64 z’amadolari. Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gucuruza ibicuruzwa kuri uru rubuga buhura n’imbogamizi zituruka ku buryo bugezweho bwo gucuruza kuri interineti, nubwo ikomeza gukomera mu byiciro byihariye nko gukusanya no gucuruza ibintu bidasanzwe.
Amasoko gakondo, cyane cyane mu Bushinwa, arimo guhura n’ibibazo bikomeye. Taobao yagabanutseho 18.3% by’abacuruzi bakora. Raporo z’inganda zigaragaza ko ikiguzi cyo kugura abakiriya kuri Taobao cyiyongereyeho 47% mu gice cya mbere cya 2025, kigera kuri 78 RMB kuri buri mukiriya mushya. Ibi byagabanyije inyungu ku bagurisha benshi, aho inyungu mbumbe yagabanutseho amanota 8.3 mu myaka itanu, bigatuma abacuruzi benshi bafite inyungu iri munsi ya 5%.
Inzira z'ingenzi zigena imiterere y'ubucuruzi bw'ikoranabuhanga ku isi
Hari ibintu byinshi by'ingenzi bigaragaza imiterere y'ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki mu 2025:
Guhuza ubuhanga bw’ubukorano: Ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) bwabaye ikintu cy’ingenzi gitandukanya porogaramu zikomeye. Ikoreshwa rya Amazon mu "guhanga udushya mu bicuruzwa" ryafashije abacuruzi kwihutisha iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa no kunoza uburyo isoko ribyitwaramo neza. Ibikoresho bishingiye ku buhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) birimo gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu guteganya ibyo abantu bakeneye, gutanga inama ku giti cyabo, no kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga ibicuruzwa mu nzego zikomeye.
Imiterere y'Isoko ry'Akarere: Amasoko ari kuzamuka cyane arimo kwihuta mu bucuruzi bwo kuri interineti. Amerika y'Epfo yagutse cyane, aho ibikorwa bya TikTok Shop muri Megizike byageze ku kigero cya 208% bya GMV mu gihe cy'igikorwa cyo kwamamaza. Isoko ry'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti mu Burusiya naryo ryazamutse cyane, riyobowe na platforms nka OZON.
Udushya mu by’ibikoresho no mu kuzuza: Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu bugezweho bwabaye inyungu ikomeye mu ipiganwa. Umuyoboro wa Amazon FBA, ihuza rya Walmart ry’imiyoboro yose, n’ishoramari rya platforms zikiri nshya mu bushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu mu karere byose byibanda ku kunoza umuvuduko no kwizerwa mu gutanga serivisi.
Imbogamizi za Politiki n'Imikorere: Ubucuruzi bwa interineti bukorerwa ku mipaka bukomeje kwiyongera. Politiki z'imisoro za Amerika zagize ingaruka ku mbuga nka Temu na SHEIN, mu gihe TikTok Shop ihanganye n'ibibazo bidasobanutse ku masoko yo mu Burengerazuba bw'Isi. Izi mbogamizi zirimo gutuma urubuga ruhindura imiterere yarwo mu turere no guteza imbere ibikorwa byarwo mu gace runaka.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Imiterere y'ubucuruzi bwa elegitoroniki ku isi ikomeje gutera imbere vuba, hamwe n'inzira nyinshi zigaragara:
Guhuza ibikorwa bigaragara ko bishoboka mu bakinnyi bo mu cyiciro cyo hagati uko urwego rugenda rurushaho kuba ingenzi mu ishoramari ry’ibikoresho n’ikoranabuhanga rihangana. Ubuhanga burimo kwiyongera, aho urubuga rugenda rwibanda ku masoko yihariye y’isi, ibyiciro by’ibicuruzwa, cyangwa ibice by’abaguzi kugira ngo bitandukane. Ishoramari mu ikoranabuhanga, cyane cyane mu buhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina n’ibikoresho, ririmo kuba ikintu cy’ingenzi kigena inyungu mu irushanwa. Imyitwarire y’abaguzi ihinduka ku bucuruzi rusange no ku bunararibonye bwo gukoresha telefoni zigendanwa biri kuvugurura ingamba n’imikorere yarwo.
Mu gihe tugiye kureba mu gihe gisigaye cya 2025 n'inyuma yayo, isoko ry'ubucuruzi bw'ikoranabuhanga ku isi rizakomeza kugaragaramo ibihangange ku isi, abatsindiye ubucuruzi mu karere, n'abakinnyi b'inzobere. Intsinzi izaterwa cyane n'ubushobozi bw'urubuga rwo guhuza ikoranabuhanga mu bucuruzi, kugenzura ahantu hagoye hagenzurwa, no gutanga agaciro gakomeye ku baguzi n'abagurisha ku masoko menshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 16 Nzeri 2025
